Subsistence Strategies From Four Discrete Categories ...

I would like to address topic A, regarding the placement of subsistence strategies into four discrete categories: hunting and gathering (foraging), horticulture, pastoralism, and agriculture. While this quick categorization of human subsistence behavior has benefits to introduce these concepts, it falsely assumes that each behavior exists independently and ignores their location on a continuum, often blending from one strategy into the next. In this essay I will introduce each subsistence strategy, show examples of it and finally show ways that even among groups of people who would seem to fit the archetype of each behavior they often adopt strategies of others in a sort of mixing and matching process, especially in times of duress. First, I would like to discuss the strategy of hunting and gathering, the sole strategy until twelve thousand years ago. Hunting and gathering is a form of subsistence dependent upon wild plants and animals for the majority of the calories of the diet. Wh ile its name underscores the importance of hunting in this lifestyle, this is misleading as the majority of caloric needs in societies practicing this strategy are met by gathering wild edible plants and berries. Due to the dependence upon naturally occurring sources of food, which are not always found in the same abundance as in agricultural cultivation, hunter-gatherers are usually found in bands of less than fifty people and in areas with low population density. This subsistence strategyShow MoreRelatedEssay on An Enigmatic People and Their Rock Art4556 Words   |  19 Pagesbasketry, elaborate clay figurines, and a type of rock art, but many items and life ways of this diverse group are similar to those of neighboring regions. In the Fremont areas bordering those of the Anasazi, Fremont material culture both differs from and resembles that of its southern neighbors. Rock art in particular provides an interesting example of the diversity and cohesiveness within the Fremont cu lture and evidence of Fremont interaction with nearby peoples. Geographic Extent and Origin Read MoreArchaeology Notes19985 Words   |  80 Pagessediments Occipital torus, a ridge of bone that runs horizontally across the occipital Palaentology, a field that take its name from the Greek words for â€Å"old† (paleos) and â€Å"existence† (ontos), is devoted to gleaning all the information that can be extracted from the fossils. Paleosol ancient soil Petrifacation the process of turning bone into stone through the absorption minerals from the surrounding soil or ground water that eventually replace the organism’s original inorganic tissues. Phytoliths opalineRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslittle significance. But there is little agreement over when the twentieth century c.e. arrived, and there were several points both before the year 2000 (the collapse of the Soviet Union, the reunification of Germany, the surge of globalization from the mid-1990s) and afterward (9/11, or the global recession of 2008) when one could quite plausibly argue that a new era had begun. A compelling case can be made for viewing the decades of the global scramble for colonies after 1870 as a predictableRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesNot Treating It Fairly ..................................................................... 174 Not Accepting the Burden of Proof ............................................................................................. 175 Diverting Attention from the Issue ............................................................................................. 176 Re-defining the Issue ....................................................................................................................