Misconception of African Americans

The Misconception of African Americans Since the beginning of time African Americans have been viewed negatively. We have always been viewed as a threat to society and frowned upon by many races. There are many cliches displayed in the media of what African Americans are supposed to act like. These conclusions cause almost immediate negative feelings from other races and sometimes by our own race. African American females in television shows and movies are often shown as the loud â€Å"ghetto† acting, angry black girl who is always â€Å"telling someone off†.Actor Tyler Perry has been criticized for illustrating African American females as â€Å"big momma†, another negative portrayal of black women. Other times shapely video vixens cause other black females to be portrayed as â€Å"jump-offs† or gold diggers. African American males have even greater judgments to overcome. They are viewed as a menace to society. They are illustrated as wild, angry, dangerou s â€Å"gang bangers†. Black men are viewed as absentee fathers or abusive husbands.Although, in some cases, African American males do possess some of these characteristics, there are just as many black men that are positive role models. These ignorant judgments are called stereotypes. A stereotype is defined as â€Å"a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing†. Stereotypes, in my own words, are judgments blindly made by people who use ignorance as an excuse to be biased against those who are different from them. There are many different types of stereotyping.Racial stereotyping, sexist stereotyping, stereotypes about cultures, and sexual orientation stereotypes are all judgments that can affect one’s life in many ways. Stereotypes are, sadly, made by everyone. Racial stereotyping, however, is the most common type of stereotyping, and can sometimes be dangerous. The Trayvon Martin story, for example, is a sit uation where stereotyping turned tragic. Trayvon Martin was a young African American boy who was walking from the store with nothing but Skittles and a drink in his pockets.Because of his race, and the stereotype of what black Males are capable of, he was targeted, and tragically killed. There have been many similar cases of dangerous stereotyping. People’s fear of what the media shows we are suited to do, has gotten out of control. Too many of us are dying because of this fear. While many stereotypes do seem to be believable, people like Barack Obama, Michelle Obama, my grandparents, and my mom allow me to realize that not all stereotypes are true.

Dont Get Me Started Essay

Public transport! Don’t you just think people absolutely love them? Just don’t get me started on buses, taxies, trains and planes. I totally understand that public transport is for us and to meet are individual needs and to make are life’s easier but sometimes public transport is not the best source to travel, trust me on this one! London, Birmingham, Manchester all has public transport and they are all horrendous. Don’t get me started on, if they are road works going on, strikes, and trains getting cancelled . The things which annoy me about public transport are, let’s take buses for example: Buses they are awful! On one December morning as you stand in the freezing cold as it rains and drip drop drip as the rain falls on you, your nose red as a tomato and your finger tips frozen as ice waiting for a bus, do you agree with me or not? As you just wait for the big bright lights to shine fiercely and to glow in the distance as you wait patiently. Trains are better but they still have negatives just like buses, with trains you just can’t even be a minute late because the train is just not going to wait, as you are running 100 miles per hour just like an athlete Usain Bolt as he runs like a cheetah and sprints cross the track. Get ready for the roller coaster ride of your life time†¦ Meanwhile as we stand there and wait for a bus and getting late for school, college, university and work as you look at are watches the bus it coming at 8:30 am, as we look are watches after 10 minutes its 8:40 am, there is no bus in site, as you look at the bus timetable for two minutes to and look around the bus has come and its driving away, As you run behind the bus to catch it, You jump in to it and fall right in someone’s lap, Awchh! Oh my god! After falling over right in someone lap and finally finding a seat, then you have to face the grumpy general public of the UK you just have sit next to someone which you don’t want to, they look funny, smell funny and blasting music which you can hear though their earphones which is very disturbing. People sat around you, coughing, sneezing in your lovely ace which is not very hygienic and not clean and its worse when you have to stand up in a train and hang on to one of the supporting barriers and people are just stood right next to you and have their long arm up in air right next to your face and awful and very disturbing smells spreading in the air. There is always one in the train or bus which just has nothing better to do and just stare at everyone. Public transport is essential to get around but we face many troubles every day in then and in the moring rush hour, as people rush to get on the buses and trains as they: push, run and bang into each other.

Economic philosophies Essay

This paper will focus on the contributions of John Maynard Keynes and Milton Friedman to economic philosophies. Keynes is considered by many as the most famous and influential economist. Though having that veneration, a number of economists had been in opposition to the Keynesian school of thought. Among the forefront oppositions to the Keynesian economic philosophy is Milton Friedman, along with his accounts on monetarism. In his â€Å"General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money,† Keynes laid out the foundations of his framework, which nearly all macroeconomists make use of today. This framework finds its basis on spending and demand, the factors that determine the components of spending, the liquidity-preference theory of short-run interest rates, and the necessity of the government to make strategic but powerful interferences in the economy in order to keep it on balance and avoid the extremes of depression, as well as manic excess (Delong, 2006). Keynes’ theory was said to be incomplete as it only deals with interest employment and money. There was no mention on the theory about prices. Friedman introduced the principles of prices and inflation to Keynes’ framework, based on the idea that there exists a natural rate of unemployment. Friedman also made mention of the limitations of government policies have with regard to the stability of the economy, taking into consideration the trend of its long-run growth. Friedman considered these as limits beyond which an intervention from the government would trigger an inflation of uncontrollable and destructive nature (Delong, 2006). The events that took place during the Great Depression made Keynes and his orthodox followers to underestimate the influence and role monetary policies have in making a viable solution (Delong, 2006). Keynesians are inclined to prefer fiscal policy to monetary policies as a tool to influence production and employment. They believed that money has no direct influence. Moreover, they question the power of monetary policies to influence employment and production (McCain, 2007). The Great Depression was indeed considered to be a unique event in history, which called for explanation in terms of events rather than in pursuit for a new line of economic theory. One of the events that took place during the Great Depression was the failure of the money and banking system. Thus, the Great depression illustrates the influence of changing monetary conditions (McCain, 2007). Keynes and Friedman both agreed on the necessity of a superb macroeconomic management. The private economy, when on its own, might be subjected to unbearable instability and that there is a necessity for a powerful, strategic, but limited intervention coming from the government in order to maintain stability within the economy (Delong, 2006). Though having these ideas in agreement, Friedman had been a staunch opposition to some of Keynes’ economic principles. According to Keynes, the key to maintaining economic stability is to keep government spending and private investments on stable grounds. Friedman, on the other hand, opined that the key to economic stability is keeping money supply, i. e. the amount of purchasing power, which are readily available to be spent by businesses and households stable (Delong, 2006).

Wildlife Management and Animal Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wildlife Management and Animal Rights - Essay Example They refer to such usage as exploitation. Such information is misleading and not worth following. Animals are there for easing human efforts and utilization daily life. It would, therefore, trigger some king of primitive report to commence comparing animals at the level of human beings. Even the domestic animals are on the inclusion in the table. They are critical in the provision of basic human wants such as milk and meat, hence improving the global economic aspects. A third of the global population has dependence on the animals for their live food and survival. It would be understatement to call upon the government wildlife department to call it official that all the domestic animals ought to be treated as human beings (Wywialowski, 1991). Animal’s rights and welfare should only rotate around ensuring that the animal has good shelter, enough food, and is not overworked. In essence, these are the triad consisting of the best animal care and welfare. Any other form is a gross obsession, and the wildlife managers ought to put that in consideration to avoid immense conflicts that occur between them and the animal rights activists. Wywialowski, A. P. (1991). Implications of the Animal Rights Movement for Wildlife Damage Management. Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings, paper 7. Retrieved from DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln

Case Studies of Data Warehousing Failures Essay

Case Studies of Data Warehousing Failures - Essay Example ent), lack of focus or difficulty in identifying the scope of the Project (a business case for the data warehouse not clearly defined), poor data warehousing tool selection process, unproven technology (new or inappropriate software), internal politics within organization, end user involvement/participation in determining information requirements, incomplete functionality, unsatisfied end users, data warehouse tool implemented too complicated for users, below standard or unacceptable performance, not expandable once made, quality of report and data, management not recognizes the benefits of data warehousing, cost is considered instead of project, inappropriate data sources, etc. The three most important factors for successful implementation of any data warehouse project are; well defined scope, reasonable deadline and high-level management support and end users involvement/participation. The scope of the project should be defined clearly by making business case to avoid change of scope during the implementation phase. The deadline should be reasonable because extended deadline ultimately increases the cost of the project (over budget). The most important of all is that the high-level management knows the benefits of the project for providing support. Lacking any of these, results in data warehousing failure. There are several things common in all the case studies. These are high-level management support, the short-term focus of top management (lack of focus), unreasonable deadline, end user involvement, inappropriate tool selection, and internal politics. Auto Guys, Complicated Systems, North American Federal Government and High-Tech Company; all lacks management support for their data warehousing project. In case of North American Federal Government, to acquire the right technology, a formal approval process took almost a year. All the organizations have not clear focus for their data-warehousing project. For example, for North American Federal Government,

How the marketing mix is used to create superior customer experience Essay - 1

How the marketing mix is used to create superior customer experience - Essay Example It is essential to understand why the topic is being researched. While most fast food companies have been trying to enhance customer experience, not all succeed. This is why the research objectives of this study are to ascertain the extent to which the four elements of marketing mix contribute towards superior customer experience. With the focus on McDonalds, the global fast food company, the study aims to understand the way the four elements have to be adjusted by McDonalds in its global operations. This would enable the restaurant and the fast food sector to understand where they lack and rectify their marketing mix strategy. Research design is the process of collecting, analyzing and presenting the data for the research. Knox (2004) suggests that there must be a link between the theory and argument, and the data collected. This enables the researcher to understand the constraints of the research and take an informed decision of the research process. Determining the research philosophy helps understand the issues involved in the research process and also understand how the data should be interpreted. There are different ways to interpret knowledge but the two most commonly used methods are the positivism (deductive/quantitative with hypothesis testing) and interpretivism (inductive/qualitative with hypothesis generalizations). The arguments are deductively strong if the conclusion is true, whatever may be the premises. On the other hand, if the premises support the conclusion then the argument is inductively strong (Rips, 2001). However, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages and hence the method chosen depends upon several factors. These factors include the purpose and the subject of the research, the size of the sample. Both these methods – the qualitative and the quantitative methods of research are linked to the interpretation of the philosophy – positivism and interpretivism. Positivism is based on the

Website Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Website Review - Essay Example The next section discusses the various chronological events discussed in the life of E.E. Cummings with all dates included. It provides various links to his works and related materials like poems, essays, paintings, other forms of work. The following are the contents and its evaluation: It takes in as input the date of birth, a month of birth, year of birth, sex, mode, BMI, smoking status and then calculates one death day and date. It is a tool which works on primary inputs and makes sure that BMI can be calculated and also lets the user know to calculate the death date, thereby calling it the death clock. It demonstrates itself into â€Å"Obituaries† which mention that all the people may how beautiful and famous they are they would perish away from this earth one day. The page â€Å"Your Will† is a FAQ page which lists the very questions one may have or usually do on an average. All the probable answers are written here to let the users know what they are thinking. The page â€Å"Dead letter office’ would make sure that all the user comments and archives The page â€Å"Testament† details the likes and dislikes of the site owner in accordance to various topics like â€Å"A game†, â€Å"Death Clock 2†, â€Å"Planet of the Apes†, â€Å"911†, â€Å"I hate my Cd burner† and much more. The last page â€Å"Your Prayer† details out the various communication techniques to reach the site owner for ay communication. The website would make sure that all the various compliances are met for the site owner and all the objectives are achieved through the website.

Why was Ulysses S. Grant so successful in finally ending the Civil War Research Paper

Why was Ulysses S. Grant so successful in finally ending the Civil War - Research Paper Example Some of them argued that the major issues of the conflict are related with the rights of the States, and others underlined the fact that quandary of slavery had paved the way of American Civil War. However, by the end of 1860s, one can find Ulysess S Grant making a personal mark in the history of American civil war, blowing a series of battles, conquering a Confederate army and earning the status of an antagonistic military general. Grant’s stubbornness and self reliance contributed stability in success and that helped him to mark his name in the history of American Civil War and the ultimate success is coined with Grant’s army. Grant’s idea of total war helped him to maintain consistency in the battlefield. It is a part of common knowledge is that a war place is filled with turmoil and sufferings. The haunting sounds of guns and the frustrated whispering of officials characterize the battlefield. A military general has the duty to stand lonely in the middle of t hese commotions with fear, anxiety, suspicion, and official responsibility. As an experienced military general who witnessed in the American Civil War at close quarters Ulysses S. Grant was better equipped to triumph over the barriers of the battlefield through his war policies and brilliant administrative tactics. Grant succeeded to gain the support from the President Lincoln, leaders of Republican Party, the Media and a significant number of common people in the United States. Grant’s efforts to use the federal army or legislation to preserve the rights of blacks paved the way for White’s aggression and opposition. However, political and material backgrounds during the time of 1860s paved the way for the success of Grant’s army. Thus, one can note that Grant’s domestic political transactions, foreign and domestic policies, professional tactics and his innate abilities were instrumental in his success in American Civil War. American civil war which is

Travel journals vs. travel blogs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Travel journals vs. travel blogs - Essay Example Travel journal can be made from composition books through redesigning and the change of the cover presentation. However, the major issues in the design are the information in the journal and not the design (Beverly and Thomson 67). To develop the travel journal, the writer must be a traveler with a passion to travel around the world. The success of the whole journal depends on the experience of the writer during the journal. The journal is used to record the significant events and issues that occur during the travel. As stated earlier journals are not the daily recording of the actions of the traveler, but focusses on the significant events or the crucial issue that the writer want to put across to the audience. The success of the travel journal depends on the encounters and the level of fascination connected to the writings. This paper is going to cover the Palmer’s journal of travels over the Rock Mountains, 1845-1846. Palmers Journal of travels over the Rock Mountain 1845-1 846 The Early Western travels authored by Palmer cover a journey through the rocky mountains of the western world slightly after the resettlement that occurred in the era. The journal addresses various issues that the traveller met in the society. Among the vital issues addressed are the social issues affecting the society after the resettlement? The volume focussed is volume 30 of the travel journal. The focus on the volume is the travel in the western part of the US, and the content involves the travel to Columbia among other issues (Berry). The travel indicates the value of technology and other related issues in the travel. During the time of palmer travel, technological advancement in the sectors of transport and navigation was not clear. The social... This essay â€Å"Travel journal vs travel blogs† demonstrates the difference between them. The distinction between the two made on the basis of the medium of presentation. Travel journal employs the use of print format while the blog uses online services. The success of the whole blogging process depends on access to internet services. According to Beverly and Malaval, online presentation offers the opportunity to present issues in an open and clear way. It is easy to update a travel blog compared to travel journal. However, travel journal offers a hard copy of the document and can be kept for reference and blogs may be lost with the changes in the online platform. However, travel blogs are the current issues used in recording the experience of travelling and adventure. Blogs are easier to manage due to the ease of accessibility and the simplicity in setting up. The first travel blog was initiated in 1995 and since then, the use has been on the rise. To succeed in the entire p rocess of blogging the blogger must develop interest and develop the necessary skills for the whole process (Benioff). Travel blogs are increasingly being used to spread the information on the success of the travellers and other relevant information. Information sharing by use of blogs has increased significantly and the travel blogs are becoming one of the most successful platforms for the sharing information. The success of the blog process will depend on the writer’s creativity and the magnitude of the travel.

How anomalous was the War on Terror in the context of US foreign Essay

How anomalous was the War on Terror in the context of US foreign policy since 1900 - Essay Example In counter attacking terror, most of the innocent human beings get affected in a country where terror groups are suspected to be residing. For a country to act in this manner, a statute modification is established by the legislature. The government in charge mostly proposes the adjustments. The country then looks for the support from the international community especially from the countries that could be experiencing the same nature of threats. The support ensures that the country does not get accused by the United Nations for infringing the rights of people from countries where terror groups are suspected to have a resident. One of the countries that have been on the limelight in formulating an ambiguous law in the fight against terrorism is the United States of America. The United States of America became a major attack target of international terror groups. Before landing in the country, terrorists actively invaded the USA diplomatic centres in many parts of the globe. The embassies in Kenya and Tanzania were attacked in 1998, and dozens of people were killed (Smith, 2008). In the month of September 11th, 2001, the United States of America was fell in the hands of terrorism. The attack of the World Trade Centre became the most historical terrorist activity in the country. The aftermath of the invasion led to hundred of fatalities of the country’s residents. The terrorist activity that is famously recalled as the September 11 occurred during the era of George W. Bush. After the harmful event, Bush administration strategized on the means to revenge the activity. The creation of the National Security Strategy was one of the developments in the constitution amendment that was steered by the president. The strategies that are famously abbreviated as the NSS challenges the foreign policies of the world’s powerful nation (Bush, 2002). Since 1900, the United States foreign policy is based on equality and democracy, as well

Some economists say world and U.S. economic growth is declining. What Assignment

Some economists say world and U.S. economic growth is declining. What do you think Why - Assignment Example Secondly, it entails unregulated access to markets. This implies that countries can freely enter the international market without any restriction. Thirdly, it involves trading without including taxes or other barriers (Brakman 18). Fourthly, it countries are not restricted in accessing market information thus ensuring that companies within are able to get adequate information concerning global market an aspect that makes them competitive. Another significant aspect of free trade is that it involves trade agreements between states. Despite the merits of free trade especially in the efforts to achieve globalization, it has generated criticism not only in developed countries but also in the third world states. The first criticism of free trade is that it retrograde development. According to Friedrich List, a German-American economist, regions that have adequate raw materials and natural resources such Africa and Arab countries develop at a slow rate as compared to states without such resources. This is based on the fact that there was a massive exportation of raw materials that was done forcefully leading to slow economic development in the exporting countries. Free trade is argued to use more resources to distribute. For example, critics indicate that delivering of products to other countries results to an environmental impact due to the fossil fuel generated. The fossil fuel also entails other externalities. The cost of reducing the environmental impact is reflected in the market prices of goods making the whole process of exporting expensive. Another criticism of free trade is that it prevents young industries from developing. Based on the importation of external products for example f rom developed countries, developing countries experience reduction in the demand for local products resulting to restriction of their expansion. The influence of foreign companies is

Does Ethnicity and Language to the Degree of Parent Involvement in Schools Essay Example for Free

Does Ethnicity and Language to the Degree of Parent Involvement in Schools Essay Many recent studies have indicated that parent involvement can make significant differences to outcomes at schools. Why some parents become involved more than others in their childrens education has been the subject of past studies, and ethnic minority status (especially Black and Hispanic) have been associated in the past with poor involvement compared to whites. But other studies have shown completely opposite conclusions i. e. parental involvement is higher in ethnic groups than whites. The critique: This questionnaire study of teachers and parents was a multi-dimensional investigation into the role of ethnicity in parental involvement in schooling found that Black parents perceive that they take a more active role in their childrens schooling than any other ethnic group. By contrast the teachers perceptions on the issue were drastically opposite – teachers reported much lower levels of alliance with Black parents than White or Hispanic parents. The fact that fewer than 4% of teachers in this study were blacks probably has been a significant factor in this regard. One of the main weaknesses of this study is a lack of verifiability – it was entirely based on questionnaires, without any involvement of students themselves. Secondly the fact that the population consisted entirely of low-performers may have introduced a source of bias in the study. There were also inadequate measures of ruling out the effect of other confounding factors e. g. education level, incomes of households which made it difficult to compare ethnicity properly. Finally, some ethnic groups returned more questionnaire than others, making it difficult to conduct a like for like study. Conclusion : More studies are needed, carried out in a more rigorous method, before the true effect of ethnicity on parental involvement with schools can be established.

Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure Research

Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure Research Abstract: Background: DREEM (Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure) is a validated and global tool for assessing educational environment. It can be used to make comparative analysis of educational environment. Our aim is to study medical school students perception of their environment and correlate this with cGPA, gender and year of study. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study involved students of semesters 5, 7 and 9 of Dow Medical College from August 2013 to August 2014. DREEM questionnaires were provided to participants in written form. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate mean and SD score for total DREEM and DREEM domains. ANOVA was used to categorize any variation related to three semesters and unpaired t- test was used to classify gender related variances. Results: Total number of respondents was 246 (response rate=82.0%), of which 69(28.04%) were males and 177(71.95%) were females. Total DREEM score was calculated as 110.4/200(55.2%). Maximum score was established in the domain of students’ self-social perception (56.8%) and lowest in domain of students’ perceptions of learning (53.3%). Conclusion: The research shows that students’ perception of their educational environment is slightly more positive than average. It is clear that cGPA does not have an enormous impact on the mind-set of students as commonly perceived. Key Words: Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure, educational environment, cGPA, undergraduate, medical education. Background: The ‘educational environment’ defined as everything that happens within the classroom, campus or university as whole is crucial in determining the success of undergraduate medical education [1]. In 1998, the World Federation for Medical Education highlighted the learning environment as one of the determining factors in the evaluation of medical education programs 2. Medical educators widely agree upon the fact that the effects of the educational environment, both academic and clinical, are important determinants of medical students’ attitude, knowledge and skill 2. The key to the provision of highly motivated, student centered education is precise evaluation of the academic and clinical aspects of a medical institution. For such highly quality and accurate assessment, there is a need of comprehensive and valid tool [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. For decades, researchers have assessed and developed various tools to measure learning environment in primary and secondary education as well as for tertiary education [9, 10, 11]. In health profession, nursing educational system and their perceived environment has been studied comprehensively as well [12, 13, 14, 15]. Educators and researchers have attempted to define and measure the medical education environment as basis for implementing modifications and thus optimizing the educational environment [16, 17, 18, 19]. The most widely used contemporary tool is almost certainly the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) [20]. The DREEM is a 50-item measure of students perceptions of their learning environment which projects scores on five domains. These five domains are labeled as, students’ perception of learning, perception of course organizers, academic self-perception, perception of atmosphere and social self-perception [21]. DREEM questionnaire, developed by an international Delphi panel, has been applied to several undergraduate courses for health professionals worldwide. It produces global readings and diagnostic analyses which allows quality comparisons to be made in the performance and effectiveness of different medical schools. This instrument has been translated into Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic, Chinese, Dutch Swedish, Norwegian, Malay and Thai and used in several settings including the Middle East, Thailand, Nepal and Nigeria [22, 23,24]. It is currently being utilized in the medical schools of the UK, Canada, Ireland, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Norway, Sweden, Venezuela, the West Indies, Sri Lanka, Oman and the Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia to evaluate the students’ perception and help medical and health schools to recognize their educational priorities and as a result, introduce more effective measures [25, 26, 27, 28, 29 30] Dow Medical College, located in Karachi, is one of the oldest medical schools in Pakistan. In 2003, it became a constituent college of the newly formed Dow University of Health Sciences. Gradual but definitive changes in the teaching strategies are being implemented at Dow Medical College. With the batch of 2009, Dow University of Health Sciences has introduced an integrated modular curriculum. Dow University is the first public sector medical university of Pakistan to have introduced this modern method of education. The curriculum has been developed by a strong team of faculty members of the University and this has greatly enhanced the teaching standards. Moreover, it has proved to greatly impact students’ perception of their learning environment. The course work of five years has been divided into 10 semesters and a semester examination is conducted at the end of the course of 6 months. Modular and midterm examinations are held for regular appraisal of students. The rationale of this study is to evaluate the effect of cGPA on the students’ perception of educational environment at Dow Medical College, and to assess any differences in perception related to gender and year of study using Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM). Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted on the target population of the students of semester 5, 7 9 of Dow Medical College, Karachi from 30th August 2013 to 30th August 2014. The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Dow University of Health Sciences. DREEM questionnaires were distributed to 246 students of semesters 5, 7 9. DREEM consists of 50 statements, grouped in five domains, relevant to the educational environment. The respondents were asked to read each statement carefully and to respond using a five-point Likert scales ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Each item was scored as follows: 4 for strongly agree, 3 for agree, 2 for uncertain, 1 for disagree and 0 for strongly disagree. The DREEM inventory has a maximum score of 200. It consists of the following domains: Students Perceptions of Learning (12 questions, maximum score: 48) Students Perceptions of Teachers (11 questions, maximum score: 44) Students Academic Self-Perceptions (8 questions, maximum score: 32) Students Perceptions of Atmosphere (12 questions, maximum score: 48) Students Social Self-Perceptions (7 questions, maximum score: 28) It was made sure that the personal identity of the students remained anonymous. It was also explained that the data would not be forwarded to third party. Before distributing the research questionnaire to the students, a thorough explanation was given to them in order to describe the objectives dimensions of the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS version-16.0. Descriptive statistics tool was used to evaluate arithmetic means and standard deviation for total DREEM all five sub-scales. ANOVA was used to categorize any variation related to three semesters and level of significance was taken at â€Å"p Results: Response rate: Response rate was 82% (246/300), distribution of response rate of students in selected semesters in chosen medical school was semester 5: 101 (41.05%); semester 7: 75 (30.48%); semester 9: 70 (28.45%). Male and female students accounted for 69 (28.04%) and 177 (71.95%) for responding samples, respectively. Total DREEM mean score was calculated to be 110.4/200 (55.2%) among all three semesters. Components of Table 1, are: Maximum and minimum scores of DREEM inventory and its five domains, arithmetic mean with standard deviation and percentage of mean score with interpretations. In Table 1, the highest score was recorded in the domain of students’ social self-perceptions (56.8%) and lowest in the of students’ perception of learning domain (53.3%). Table 2 shows the mean scores of DREEM inventory in selected semesters. There has been a significant difference in the perceptions of students of 5th, 7th and 9th semesters regarding environment. Students of 9th semester hold a considerable positive attitude which is exhibited not only by their mean DREEM score but also when viewing all the domains of DREEM individually, with a maximum of 61.4% positivity in the domain of â€Å"Students’ self-social perception† and a minimum of 58.8% in the sub-scale of â€Å"Students’ perception of atmosphere†. Response of 7th semester students’ is somewhat positive as shown by their mean DREEM score of 112/200 (56%), score being highest of 57.8% in the subscale of â€Å"Students’ social self-perceptions† and lowest of 54.3% in â€Å"Students’ perception of teachers† domain. Response of 5th semester students’ in all domains, though not in negative integers, is certainly poor being just 51.35% on the mean DREEM score of 102.7/200. Response rate is maximum in the sub-scale of â€Å"Students’ social self-perceptions† and minimum in â€Å"Students’ perception of learning† These results show that students of all three semesters had maximum positive response as represented by their respective scores in the sub-scale of â€Å"Students’ social self-perception†. This is further explained under the section of discussions. Table 3 describes another objective of this study which is, the effect of cGPA on students’ mind-set regarding academic studies, social life and professors. Using DREEM inventory, it is remarkable to know that cGPA is an insignificant factor from analyzed data. This is suggestive that cGPA is not an accurate representative of academic status of student at the medical college. Table 4 delineates difference in the observation of educational environment among male and female gender. Males were found to be more positive about educational environment with response rate of 58.1% on total DREEM score of 116.2/200 while females had the total DREEM score of 108.1/200 with response rate of 54.1%. Males’ response was substantially more positive in every subscale except â€Å"Students’ academic self-perceptions† domain which was determined as a non-significant factor in this comparison between males and females. Discussion: According to the practical guide of McAleer, a mean score between 50 and 100 indicates probable problems in the learning environment [31]. In medical schools with a traditional curriculum, domain scores are found to be below 120; however, in modern, student-centered curriculums, the mean score is generally improved [32]. The results presented herein revealed a mean score of 110.4/200 (55.2%) for the DREEM five domains. Subscale analysis exhibited maximum in the section of students’ social self-perceptions and lowest in domain of students’ perception of learning. The DREEM score of students of 9th semester was slightly positive than students of 5th and 7th semesters presumably because they did not follow the modular system. Their studies were not fast paced and so they were not over burdened by the course. Since the modular system has specified a limited time span for the completion of each course comprehensively, the high burn out rate was apparent in students of this new, fast paced system. Hence the students of 5th and 7th semesters perceived the milieu more negatively than semester 9 students. Effect of cGPA on students’ academic lives was an important aspect of this study. From the results obtained, it is clear that cGPA did not have an enormous impact on the mind-set of students as commonly anticipated. This could be attributable to a fact that majority of the students at DMC, instead of competing for marks, aimed to compete for practical expertise. From the response given by the students, it also appeared that respondents of this research preferred their semester papers to be more clinically oriented in lieu of constructed on outmoded system which is based rote-learning. Students’ perception of the educational environment has a considerable influence on their performance, motivation and academic accomplishments. The analysis also showed the lowest score in the domain of students’ perception of self-learning. It could be attributable to compact learning time and challenging course. This is a point of concern because students are important stake holders of any educational institution and if they are not satisfied with the perception of self-learning then this matter should be taken into consideration by the concerned authorities with sincerity and wherever necessary, credence should be given to students opinion as well. The analysis explains the DREEM score of male students to be more positive than the female students. One reason of this might be the ratio of female students is much higher than the ratio of male students in medical colleges which may be the cause of a competitive approach to learning amongst girls hence more chances of disappointments and negative opinions about the environment. Conclusion: It is concluded that cGPA does not have an enormous impact on the mind-set of students. In all sub-scales, the DREEM score is slightly more positive than average. Mean DREEM score in all three semesters in Dow Medical College is 110.4/200 (55.2%). Sub-scale analysis revealed maximum score in the domain of students’ social self-perceptions and lowest in domain of students’ perception of learning. Hence, results obtained in study can be astutely used to make reforms in academic curriculum, examination patterns, and to direct tactical improvement in order to make educational environment more interesting and better for students. Competing interests: Authors contributions: Authors information: Acknowledgements: References: [1]. Lokuhetty M, Warnakulasuriya S, Perera R, De Silva H, Wijesinghe H. Students’ perception of the educational environment in a Medical Faculty with an innovative curriculum in Sri Lanka. South-East Asian Journal of Medical Education. 2011;4(1):916. [2]. Hammond S, ORourke M, Kelly M, Bennett D, OFlynn S. A psychometric appraisal of the DREEM. BMC medical education. 2012;12(1):2. [3]. Maida A, Vasquez A, Herskovic V, Calderon J, Jacard M, Pereira A et al. A report on student abuse during medical training. 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Rothman A, Ayoade F. The development of a learning environment: a questionnaire for use in curriculum evaluation. Academic Medicine. 1970;45(10):7549. [17]. 5.Marshall R. Measuring the medical school learning environment. Academic Medicine. 1978;53(2):98104. [18]. Feletti G, Clarke R. Review of psychometric features of the medical school learning environment survey. Medical Education. 1981;15(2):9296. [19]. Moore-West M, Harrington D, Mennin S, Kaufman A, Skipper B. Distress and attitudes toward the learning environment: effects of a curriculum innovation. Teaching and Learning in Medicine: An International Journal. 1989;1(3):151157. [20].Roff S, McAleer S, Harden R, Al-Qahtani M, Ahmed A, Deza H et al. Development and validation of the Dundee ready education environment measure (DREEM). Medical Teacher. 1997;19(4):295—299. [21]. Roff S. The Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM)-a generic instrument for measuring students perceptions of undergraduate health professions curricula. Medical Teacher. 2005;27(4):322-5. [22]. Al-Qahtani MFM. Approaches to study and learning environment in medical schools with special reference to the Gulf countries: University of Dundee; 1999. [23]. Pimparyon SMC, S. Pemba, S. Roff, P. Educational environment, student approaches to learning and academic achievement in a Thai nursing school. Medical Teacher. 2000;22(4):359-64. [24]. Roff S, McAleer S, Ifere O, Bhattacharya S. A global diagnostic tool for measuring educational environment: comparing Nigeria and Nepal. Medical teacher. 2001;23(4):378-82. [25]. Till H, Roff S, McAleer S, editors. Identifying the Strengths and Weaknesses of a New Curriculum by Means of the DREEM Inventory. Poster presentation at AMEE Conference, Lisbon; 2002. [26]. Till H. 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The Chocolate Industry In India

The Chocolate Industry In India Introduction This assignment deals with the organization whose current main product is at maturity stage in the market life cycle and its sales have been reduced, to sustain its market share the organization has to go for product development to defend it from its rivals. The organization chosen for this particular scenario is Lotus Chocolate Company Limited. An Overview of Chocolate Industry in India The chocolate industry in India as it stands today is dominated by two companies, both multinationals. The market leader is Cadbury with a lions share of 70 percent. The companys brands (Five Star, Gems, Éclairs, Perk, Dairy Milk) are leaders their segments. Till the early 90s, Cadbury had a market share of over 80 percent, but its party was spoiled when Nestle appeared on the scene. The latter has introduced its international brands in the country (Kit-Kat, Lions), and now commands approximately 15 percent market share(rediff.com).The Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF) and Central Areca nut and Cocoa Manufactures and Processors Co-operative (CAMPCO) are the other companies operating in this segment. Competition in the segment will get keener as overseas chocolate giants Hersheys and Mars consolidate to grab a bite of the Indian chocolate pie. Per Capita Chocolate Consumption (in lb) of first 15 countries of the world Rank Countries Per Capita Consumption (in lb) 1 Switzerland 22.36 2 Austria 20.13 3 Ireland 19.47 4 Germany 18.04 5 Norway 17.93 6 Denmark 17.66 7 United Kingdom 17.49 8 Belgium 13.16 9 Australia 12.99 10 Sweden 12.90 11 United States 11.64 12 France 11.38 13 Netherlands 10.56 14 Finland 10.45 15 Italy 6.13 INDIA, stands nowhere even near to these countries when compared in terms of Per Capita Chocolate Consumption. (Data sourced from LMC International, The world cocoa market outlook).Chocolate and confectionary market is valued around US$ 282.6mn and which is divided into three main sectors or groups namely sugar boiled confectionery with US$ 65.2mn, next comes chewing and bubble gums with US$ 87mn and the major chunk goes to milk chocolate with US$ 130mn.Chocolate Consumption Structure by age groups are as follows- Children 55% Adults 12% Young Adults 33% (Data sourced from Overview of Indian consumer goods) The chocolate market in India grew by 19 per cent and reached the market value of INR 17.9bn(2007), low consumption patterns have been changing due to the raising economy(www.just-food.com). The market is divided into two segments urban and rural segments, the consumption of chocolate is higher in urban areas and lower in rural segment,the growth rate of urban is higher( Data sourced from Overview of Indian consumer goods). This poses a high potential for chocolate manufacturers as the raise in population who are opting for chocolates as alternatives as local mithais, as a part of cultural transition due to the high influence of western cultures at work and other areas(The Dark Chocolate Rush). Background of the organization Lotus Chocolate Company Limited is established in the year 1992 (www.lotuschocolate.com), It is renowned for its innovative chocolate design and their variety taste when compared with competitors. The plant is located at Medak district Andhra Pradesh. They provide consumer and industrial solutions for different chocolate manufacturers. The famous chocolate brands/products produced are Chuckles, Superr Carr and Tango. Lotus is also famous for producing customized chocolate gift packs upon consumers request(www.lotuschocolate.com).The core target market of the organization is the low end niche group(children young adults). The organization lost its core market share due to the increased marketing efforts and rapid development of new products based on changing customer trends(The Hindu Bussinesline). Issue-1 Decline of Lotus chocolate brands (Superr carr, Tango chuckles) in the market due to changing consumer and chocolate industrial patterns, high competition from well established multinationals such as Nestle Cadbury. The main objective of Lotus chocolate company ltd. is to regain its market share and stand against competition. SWOT Analysis Strengths Experience in chocolate industry. Brand presence in the market. Established industrial supplier. Medium production capacity. High suppliers base. Customized products facility for consumers. Weaknesses Limited distribution facility outside South-India. Poor advertising strategies. Limited product range. Limited resources. Opportunities Strong growth potential in South-India urban region. Raise in chocolate consumption. Market expansion into North-India. Changing consumer behavior patterns. Threats Aggressive market penetration by multinationals Price sensitive market. Competitive position of Lotus is fragile. Increasing production costs. Vast cultural influences on buying patterns. Alternatives to regain the market position and share by using Ansoffs Matrix Option A (Market Development) Developing markets other than core markets, such as moving into north Indian market or entering into other markets where the product or brand is not present. Option B (Diversification) This option deals with shifting the interests of the organizations core interest into other businesses interests, for instance moving away from chocolates and entering into cold drinks or clothes or etc. Option C (Market Penetration) This option deals with penetrating the existing core market with lower prices and more products with enhanced distribution processes. Option D (Product Development) This option deals with developing new products to compete in the market and to sustain the companys presence in the market . Recommendations A mixture of market penetration ( C)and product development (D) because for the following reasons This gives opportunity for Lotus chocolate to develop a product to sustain its brand value,market share,to increase its financial position and consumer base. Due to increased competition in the market, developing innovative tastes and along side producing chocolates with lower health effects such as Organic chocolates. As the organic market is gaining interest among the higher class segment(Indias booming organic market, rediff.com). Market penetration helps Lotus chocolate to revitalize its distribution systems and revitalize its brand image among the targeted consumers at sustainable price as the brand has its presence already in the market. Product development helps Lotus chocolate to over come its past weaknesses and product is the core and brand enhances its value. The rising chocolate consumption poses an opportunity which can be converted into financial means, develop a strong brand image and loyal consumers. Why not for Market development Diversification can be justified by the following sentences- Market development needs much heavier finance and it needs to invest more time resources , it deals with entering into new markets which are more complex and the risk is higher, in-turn concentrating on new markets may led to the fall of existing markets. Diversification deals with completely moving from core operations into new businesses and it is very risky and needs much time to develop and build reputation from scratch, these two options would need high monetary resources. Based on the present situation and Lotus chocolates swot analysis the best and feasible options are market penetration and product development which deals with existing markets. After deciding on what course of action to be carried for sustaining and developing the brand value and consumer base. The options and strategies chosen are product development and market penetration. After deciding to go for product development next comes what product to develop and whom to target, how to reach them and what are the core benefits the product is to deliver and the value chain process from suppliers to consumers. The strategy opted for reaching the perceived state of position is focused differentiation strategy coupled with best cost provider strategy from porters five generic strategies(Thomson etal,pg. 134).The focused differentiation strategy concentrates on a narrow buyer segment and outcompeting rivals by having lower costs than rivals, best cost provider strategy deals with giving customers more value for their money by incorporating good to excellent product attributes at a lower cost than rivals. According to an article named Indias booming organic market states that India would be both a major organic food producer and consumer, the potential of consuming organic food products are on a raise due to increased awareness about health and having environmentally friendly raw-materials. According to article named Global Organic Business the consumption of Organic beverages and confectionary would increase drastically in India by 40 % by 2020, starting early would be better option to reap the future benefits and would help us to establish ourself in the market. The core target group is children aged from 14 to 18 years old,teens and adults from rich urban segments and upper middle class sections. Branding of Hercules Branding adds value to the products and gives additional identity to the products and their consumers, products mite change but brands will not change and once a brand decides its characters and features it remains steady for longer time. Developing optimal brands needs a change in corporate management culture and their attitude. The influence for deciding a brand character is explained below Branding is one of the main ingredient in the success of the product in the market, the proposed brand values for Hercules is its premium nature, pure nature and energy, individuality and freedom. As Hercules is not a just a chocolate its more than an luxury experience. Marketing Mix Marketing mix consists of 4 Ps namely product,price, promotion and place (distribution). The right strategies for all these Ps are necessary for success of the product or service in the market. Product Product is the physical representative of the companys core value transition from organization to the consumers. Product strategies deal with the issues such as package, product shape,product features and product quality. The package is designed based on the target market and product features. The shape is also designed based on the perceived best by the target market and brand image. Packaging also has implications on the perceptions of the consumers which visually appeal them and classify the product into premium product. The levels of product are as follows- Core Product- The core benefits of the organic chocolate is that of its health benefits and taste variety. Tangible Product- The tangible are those benefits which are positioned by the packaging and advertisements. For this organic chocolate the tangible benefits are premium quality. Augmented Product- The augmented benefits are the values which reach the consumers expectations , which are non-tangible and can be measured only in-turns of consumer reply in favor of praising the product. Potential Product- The potential product benefits surpasses the expectations of consumers and the core-product, which would obtain large consumers delight. Product differentiation strategy provides the primary source for competitive advantage, this also provides a platform for developing future products under the same brand. Product strategy is directly linked to the strategies of the organization. The product line is available in two versions of weight namely 100gms and 200gms. Name of the Organic Chocolate is Hercules Price Pricing strategy deals with pricing the product based on the current market pricing structure, organizations break even, psychological pricing. The pricing strategy is also based on the product and the targeted consumers. The pricing strategy used for this product is a mixture of premium pricing and quality-based strategy. The cultural aspects of the target market has a profound impact on spending and food habits. The costing of the new product is one of the tough jobs of management. The cost of the product has direct relationship with positioning of the product. The factors to be considered while deciding a price for Hercules are as follows The consumer spending structure and their patterns are to be analyzed and find the average and the best cost in the market for Hercules. The companies costing systems and proposed investments for developing Hercules and the rate of returns expected by the organization. The brand strategies and the positioning strategies proposed for the Hercules also have their share on deciding the price. According to the article defining the premium chocolate market, the appearance of luxury chocolates in the super marts as the aspirants for consuming luxury has become a trend and even those who cannot afford the luxury goods are having premium chocolates as alternatives to satisfy their urge to feel good. A research presentation from Ledbury Research states that there would be 140,000 families in India with annual income around $230,000. The consumers spending have dramatically increased on apparels,food and entertainment. The pricing strategy which has been decided is value-based pricing and quality based pricing, the price decided after calculating the ROI,manufacturing costs , promotional costs distribution cost is 75 rupees for 100gms and 150 rupees for 200gms. This is unpriced structure across the market. The custom ordered chocolates online are priced based on their ordered quantity and their flavor structure. Pricing is done in a way to differentiate from competitors and duplicate products which are a major threat in Indian market, Organization to move towards price excellence for better market acceptance. Distribution Distribution deals with making product available to the consumers at right time and right place, the considerations for designing the distribution network deals with the consumers choice, companys resources and market infrastructure. The distribution sector in India is fragmented and completely complex due to the large size and fundamental infrastructural problems such as electricity, roads and warehouses. The main distribution system is divided into three segments namely distributors, wholesalers/super-marts and retail stores. The major factors which influence the distribution strategy for the Hercules is the product strategy, organizations strategy for business, target consumers. The strategy which is selected for distributing this project is selective distribution which means the company selects few distribution channels to reach target markets through which the product availability can be controlled by the company, this also assists Lotus chocolates to keep their brand image and to maintain the premium image of the product. Based on the competitors distributions channels, consumers choice and feasible options of the organization the selected ways to reach the target market are super markets , premium chocolate stores, hyper malls , airports(duty free stores ) and through internet directly to consumers (online). The distribution picture can give you a complete idea about Lotus chocolate distribution channels for Hercules. The picture states that they are single layer channels, double layer channels and triple layer distribution channels to reach the targeted consumers. As developing a strong customer base and differentiating the Hercules from other competitive brands and products, Lotus chocolate has developed a program for its customers to design their own organic chocolate online with the available options, through this options customers can directly buy and give their feedback directly. Promotion This is one of the most important aspect of the marketing mix which would decide the success of the Hercules(Organic chocolate ) in the market. Promotion deals with promotional activities such as advertising, promotional strategies such as offers, discounts, public relations and publicity. The promotion aspects aim at creating an impact about the Hercules on the mind sets of targeted consumers. We are going to use one of the oldest marketing strategy for promoting the product to the target market through AIDA model (www.changingminds.com), AIDA means to attract by visual appeal such as cool ads, create interest among the target market, then develop desire among consumers by proving more information about core and potential benefits of Hercules and the final one is action this is considered done when the consumers by the product. In addition to the AIDA model, the consumers interest through sharing benefits and values, opinions with customers and asking for their feedback via blogs, post and emails. The channels used to reach the target market are through print media, internet, television, out-door campaigning and point of sale. The basic message in the strategic marketing communication would be more of product oriented and would explain about the products core benefits and its core values which add value to the target market. The chocolates are advertised through 360 degree for complete. The television channels which are known for reaching target markets and their share are explained below The subliminal message which we want to pass on to consumers is that Hercules is not just a chocolate but its a wonderful and joyful experience and its merely more than a chocolate. This also needs to break and build the present brand image of Lotus chocolate company Ltd. Promotion and popularity of the product are directly proportional to each other. Emotional flavor infusions in the marketing campaigns would attract the targeted consumers. While marketing in India you need to understand the cultural aspects of the target market. Hofstedes cultural dimensions would assist in understanding cultural aspects of the consumers and also helps in designing an innovative message. The chart below explains power distance index, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance index and long term orientation. Sourced from (http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_india.shtml) As the above graph indicates that higher PDI means higher inequality among different sections of people, its also indicates that India is a collectivistic society, uncertainty avoidance is lower at 40 per cent which indicates that people are open to any uncertain situations and ideas. (wwww.geert-hofstede.com). By understanding the above graph the message through with we need to reach our target market should be designed and developed in way that it should touch them culturally and explain the health benefits and environmental benefits Hercules is going to provide. Other than television ads, there are also other channels through which we can reach consumers such as wall paintings, print media advertising such as publishing in premium magazines of sports, movies,business and animation. Point of sale posters at shelves at super stores, out-door campaigning at malls and multiplex cinema halls, conducting competitions on environment at international schools for faster promotion among schools. Another important form of advertising through online such as website ,pop-ups at yahoo, google,windows mail, orkut, twitter,face-book and much more. One more aspect of promotional channel which is gaining popularity is mobile advertising such as through mobile phone messages and mobile games. The utilization of full resources at maximum rate would help Lotus chocolate to create an impact in the market and target market and helps to establish the Hercules. Evaluation of the Hercules Success in the Market Evaluation is done based on the sales patterns. Consumer feeling are collected using feedback such as compliments and complaints. Key partnership with retailers and examining the consumer behavior towards Hercules. A primary research for understanding the current advertising strategy and the message passed through them and what target consumers understand and perceive. Marketing Production Schedule/Plan for Hercules Production objectives The main objective is to procure green or organic or chemical free cocoa and other raw-materials. Insure the quality is double checked. Ensuring that the process flow is smooth and meets the production capacity. Targeted production percentage is to produce 75 per cent of Hercules than other nominal brands which are out competed. Production of customized Hercules for customized orders are to be produced 25% of the total capacity. Marketing management objectives Increase the awareness about Hercules among the target market segments by 30% per annum. Decrease the potential customers resistance by 25 percent per annum. Position the brand image of Hercules as premium luxury chocolate and stand differentiated among the competitors by providing customized chocolates for consumers. Strengthening of non-priced competitiveness, business restructuring by rebranding the image of lotus chocolates company and Hercules brand. Demand creation, sustainment and enhancement of quality advantage and healthy products. Increase the sales of Hercules by 5-6 per cent per quarterly. Marketing Plan 02/05/10 Brand image and product development 05/06/10 Product testing for quality, taste, color and odor 20/06/10 Promoting Hercules brand through television commercials 25/06/10 Promoting through out door campaigning, print media, radio. 30/06/10 Passing the product through distribution channels and making it available to the target consumers. 10/07/10 Evaluating the outcomes of the advertising campaigns promotional activities. 20/07/10 Developing alternative and going for aggressive campaigning. The alternatives for promoting Hercules is by pairing with brands which are identical and supports each other in promoting themselves as premium brands. For example promoting Hercules (organic chocolate) with BMW or any luxury brands. Or Promoting Hercules with premium airlines through giving complementary packs to business class flyers, or promoting with premium star hotels.

The Promising Future of Chinas Economy Essay -- Economy

The Promising Future of China's Economy If China's economy grows as fast for the next 20 years as it has for the past 14, it will be the biggest economy on earth: I feel that China's drastic improvements over the last 14 years are overwhelming, with their Real GNP growing at a rate of 9% a year, which means by, 1994, China's economy will match the performance of countries like Japan and Taiwan. China's standard of living has also increased, and the number of people who were considered absolutely poor decreased approximately 63%. I feel with the vast amount of people living in China, and the economic activity booming like it is, China's exports will continue to grow, as well as the standard of living. This will create more revenue, and more capital for them to produce even more goods and become even larger, prospering as one of the biggest economies on the earth. I also feel that China should try to overcome its corrupt system and steadily move into a free enterprise system. Competition has been the key to China's success: I believe that competition has been the key to China's success. When Mr. Deng opened the free market, it brought the first signs of the farmers becoming more rich since the 1950s. His political genius allowed the farmers to become rich. He also introduced the "open-door policy" which is proving to be very beneficial, as they follow in the footsteps of their strong rich neighbours. Mr. Perkins believed four conditions must be met for a market system to work well in reforming centrally planned economy. I believe if China continues to improve its productivity, and the number of monopolies decrease as studies show, China will move into a capitalist front only to... ...ver the last several years. The party has a large role to play in China's transition to a full market economy. China is on its way. the West should prepare China's interests lay in foreign investment, trade and economic reform. China's main driving force was competition, and they proved that privatisation and settling the matter of ownership are not so critical in the early stages of reform. In the years ahead, China must choose between keeping the communist party or kepping the stunning economic growth. If they continue to grow at the rate China grows, and keep improving their economy, and join the likes of Japan, they can combine forces in all aspects against the west, military wise and economically wise. if China's economy grows as fast for the next twenty years like it has for the past fourteen, it will be the biggest economy on earth.

Classifying Three NFL Teams According To Attitude :: essays research papers

Classifying Three NFL Teams According to Attitude The National Football League was formed decades ago by the merger of two national leagues. The Super Bowl is the traditional season-end activity that crowns the national champion. Each team represented starts with one of the original leagues.The number of teams active in the NFL does not remain the same for longr.o. the game of professional football is big business and can be highly profitable. When the NFL announces that it has approved new expansion teams, there is intense competition among team less cities to attract one of the franchises. The game is profitable for team owners and for players, but it also is profitable for the cities in which teams are centered. It contributes to the local economy and enhances the stature of the city in where a team is located. Of course teams and their organizations are made up of individuals, but the teams themselves tend to settle into characteristics of their own. Once established in reputation, the team can remain with it for years regardless of the changes that occur within and around it. Example can be seen in any NFL team. The Tampa Bay Buccaneers are technically sound playing but very bad results. The team has been winning with much greater frequency in recent years, but it can expect to maintain the loser perception for years to come. As teams take on their its own personality. Most of NFL teams relies rely on assessment of the number of games won compared to the number lost during a season or over a number of years. Teams also can be classified according to that personality, or at least according to the personality perceived by fans and the press. With the classification of good, average and bad. The Tennessee Titans will be used to show the good team the Minnesota Vikings will represent the average and the Dallas Cowboys will fill the role of bad. The Tennessee Titans The Titans provide a good example of how teams can change the perceptions that have built around them over the years. In the case of the Titans, the change was effected by moving to a new state, changing the team name, replacing personnel and replacing the coaching staff. The Titans hardly have the same team at all, but they formerly were the Houston Oilers. You should keep in mind that as the Oilers, the team had posted so many consecutive losing seasons that it had managed to destroy the reputation built during the winning years.

Old Chinese Old Allegory

â€Å"A wooden cask is made up of many planks, once one of the planks is crashed, the cask can not store water any more†, goes an old Chinese Old Allegory but has a collective responsibility with other planks towards the well being of the wooden cask. The plank does not belong to itself. The damaged plank harms the cask’s capability. Like the plank, I do not just belong to myself. Now, I am the captain of my school basketball team. I had taken a lot of basketball games before I became the captain. There is a game that I bet I can hardly forget in my whole life.â€Å"Overhead pass, Zhu! † Wang, my teammate said, waving her hands aside, I was running with the ball towards the short girls who decided to block me, because I thought they do not have the ability to block me due to their short statures. ‘Zhu, come on! ’ spectators shouted. Yes! I evaded a girl successfully. ‘Brilliant! ’ spectators shouted again. Yes! I evaded another girl†™s ‘talon’ secondly. ‘Come on; Come on†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ I felt my pulse rated quickly. The yelling and the attentions, which were given by almost all the spectators, made me craze. ‘Overhead pass, Zhu’ Wang shouted again.But I thought I could take the goal myself. I wanted to show my skills during the out-two count. Suddenly, I felt that there was just me, basketball and spectators in this world and my feeling was; I belonged to myself. I felt I would succeed soon†¦ ‘AH~’ all at once, a girl was running towards me. Before I could understand what was happening, I lost the ball. I found that, time, all the yelling and my pulse almost stopped at once. I could only see my teammates’ blue grimaces, which hurt me so much. Distraught, I suddenly notified my teammates who were present.So there they were, with me. I was not fighting alone. I had my comrades, I had my friends. Their grimaces made me feel hurt and guilty. I should not ha ve been selfish. I should have known that, I belonged to the team. I should have passed the ball to Wang. She was in a wonderful position to score. It was our last chance to win. If we got the score, we could have beaten our opponents, it was my fault. Now, we did not have enough time to win. Losing this chance, we were destined to lose this game. Finally, we lost our game, one point! We were so desperate that we could hardly believe it.This game left me with so many things to think. I felt like I am a little plank. The so called success, which collided with the team’s interests, could not last long. At most, it was just a beautiful personal short show. I do not just belong to myself, sometimes, I should not just consider myself. I have the responsibility to my team, to my school, to my home and even to my society. I cannot let my memories stick to the lost basketball game. If I was given the opportunity again, I would appreciate that, as a plank, I should do everything in my ability to keep my cask full of water.

Case analysis: Deloitte & Touche Essay

In Deloitte & Touche, wo custody had accounted for almost half(prenominal) of all brisk adopts through protrude the 1980s, just by 1991, of the 50 sensdidates being nominated for deductnership on that year, unless quadruple were women. on that point was serious imbalance of virile and fe priapic gender in the men disrespect steps to crack that the coc identifyed would be hiring women during the 1980s. Moreover, the high turnover of women go forth was accruing huge expenses for the flying . In this paper, I go away first discuss the repugns set about in the shaping and the cogitates why the anxiety saw a need for an boldness potpourri. Next, I will argue that the period fact favors the transfigure process and disrespect the achievable restraining makes Deloitte & Touche is in a healthyly position in successfully carry outing the strategies. I will then discuss the possible restraining forces that would hinder the diversity and comment on the recomme ndations and strategies by the assign military unit. Lastly, I will suggest further solutions that would help in overcoming the restraining forces so that this would further aid in the reading of the change process. mike sterilize had initially assumed that the main reason why women left the achievementforce in greater numbers was repayable to family commitments. However, despite the strategies implemented in the 1980s to hire more talented women and ensuring that there was no glass ceiling for women in the debauched, the statistics in 1991 proved that the previous solutions were non comely and that the unattackable was incurring huge expenses due to the high rate of turnovers.Thus in 1992, a Task Force was form whereby the firm hired outside consultants to pass off out why women were non advance at the same rate as men, and why they were leaving at a higher percentage rate. After oft investigations and interviews, the Catalyst report showed that the top devil reasons for their departure was because the women had comprehend that there was a male henpecked work purlieu and that opportunities for c arr advancement was difficult. An imbalance work-life which was perceived by Mike Cook as the main reason was ranked trinity in importance. Clearly, the instruction had earlier place the main reason incorrectly.When cardinal examines the situation at hand, the firm is in a favorable position to execute the change. There be two main reasons for this. Firstly, the precise mass, whom argon the partners in the firm are suddenly aware of thereal trouble the plagues the firm. Engaging the critical mass is essential as their support for the change is burning(prenominal) and their leadership would help transmit efficaciously the change strategies. Secondly, the firm is presently at the third stage of the development process, whereby they lose diagnosed correctly the exact problem. In addition, Lois Evans, one of the top-ranked women in the firm ha d similarly echoed that the underway work surroundings was a foul place for any woman to be. By identifying the precise problem, the organisation can flat tackle more effectively and implement the appropriate solutions to change the male dominated merged culture.Changing a corporate culture is extremely difficult and this in my opinion is the biggest restraining force. The challenge for any plaque is how to reinforce heap in changing an old culture that has lasted for so long. The key to the success is not to impose ethnical changes, but to facilitate an environment whereby employees are involved in finding their ingest new approaches to change. other major restraining force that might occur is that many male employees might sense a panic in their positional power. In addition, many male workers might moolah wonder whether these changes would benefit them, and would start questioning the strategies suggested by the Task Force which seems to favor women only. The organiza tion at present is still not accustomed in seeing women in positions of power and thus by develop leadership platforms for women such as an informative council might bring about hunch and insecurity for the men.In examining the recommendations suggested by the Task Force, I do agree that the firm should hold workshops and seminars to educate and communicate to the employees that men and women are colleagues . I would suggest that during these workshops, change agents should inform the male workers their subtle actions and wrangle can actually create an unwished culture for women. Insensitive comments that make women nip uncomfortable in the workforce should similarly be avoided. For example, statements such as someone on the job(p) part-time is not elicit in the charge or she has kids, peradventure he should handle the international assignments should not be made formally, as intumesce as in an informal setting. In addition, managers should overly learn to avoid gender s tereotypes that women are incapable to handle ambitiousassignments simply because they are mothers. Therefore by increasing the awareness of the dangers of stereotyping, male employees would realise and be more acceptable when they severalise and see major changes in the work environment that might favor women employees.I similarly agree with the Task Force that the firm should build goals in their descent intend and provide directional goals for women in leadership . Defining the criteria to measure and proctor progress for women is also crucial. This is because better instruction and improving access to career development and training opportunities are significant ship canal in educating the women their route of advancement. It is obvious that if you do know what is available, the possibility of you attempting to accommodate part would be much higher. Thus it is classic to ensure that women receive the same opportunities as men and this can be resolved by designing a des ign to monitor the promotion grade among women and men.I would so suggest that the Human imagination department have a political program that tracks work assignments to ensure that women at Deloitte & Touche are considered for premier clients and projects at equal rates as their male counterparts. Offices should be evaluated annually, ensuring women are being offered fair shots at career-advancing assignments. Another solution is to include women as assessors and to ensure that they are included on precedential promotion interview boards. However, one should be cautious and avoid achieving a check quota. The firm must highlight that equality and meritocracy still exists in the workplace mingled with men and women. This is crucial so that the firm would avoid to be seen as promoting a women-favored environment only.Besides the listed solutions in the reason study, there are further considerations that Mike Cook might need to consider. Firstly, it is substantial to have a po licy that is forgive to the staff within the organization. Moreover, identifying the right people within the firm to implement the policies is resilient as electing change agents who might unconsciously or consciously disagree with the new corporate philosophy might in return sabotage the whole change process rather than aid it.Secondly, the basis of a positive environment has to start with the chief executive officer and the leaders, and they must set the example in creating an melodic line of encouragement for the women. The management must also be prepared to provide ample resources for the training and development of women.Thirdly, in the design of a conciliatory work environment for women as recommended by the Task Force, the challenge the organization face is to dispel myths that the only way a worker can contribute and have the potential for career advancement is on accumulating work hours or face time. While the management should allow women to work at internal on oc casional periods, and be affiliated to the work site via a ready reckoner through tele-working, the complexity of have this conciliative work environment or working from home is in the method of supervision. Managers therefore need to plan and prepare for the consider of tele-work and develop appropriate communication and duty strategies. Managers should also be respectful to the employee and their ad hominem workspace and have to be careful not to neglect the worker, causing them to fall into the out of sight trap.In conclusion, Deloitte & Touche is in a good position in sustaining and implementing the change process. This is because the firm has correctly identified the stock problem and possess a knock-down(prenominal) Task Force in recommending sound strategies. However, the firm must still be aware of possible restraining forces and also take time to set the right policies and pack the correct change agents within the firm to spearhead this change process. Managers sho uld also be aware of the difficulties in having a flexible work environment, and thorough research and planning should be invested into this program so that they are better prepared to handle the transition.

As You Like It Essay

As You standardised It Essay belong is the inclusion of both acceptance and alienation. be is security, familiarity and camaraderie where as non be is estrangement, ostracism and seclusion. To belong to the great unwashed, communities or commits empennage create positive as well as negative outcomes. populations perceptions of belonging atomic number 18 perpetually changing due to personal, historical, cultural and hearty contexts. In Shakespe ars As You Like It incorporates both aspects of belonging acceptance and alienation. contrasting types are presented throughout the play by showing links to place, to citizenry and to ideas.Each connection that is presented details the characters emotions, actions and ethical motive and values. Connections to certain places is uttered throughout the play but is not restricted to a single milieu. different characters including Orlando, Rosalind and Duke Senior all achieved a smell of belonging through their banishment/ pulling out from the court surroundings to the afforest of Arden. The chat up, in iodin case a place where these characters rightfully belonged and had created affinities with, flat had became a hostile and foreign environment forming negative outcomes.Not long after, they created connections to the Forest of Arden by the forest providing them with a place of protection and a place to repair their wounded emotions. The forest and the Court are juxtaposed because both environments are needed to create balance and unity amid the characters so they can rattling blessed and fulfilled lives. Rosalind and Orlando had to be banished from the Court, to then attain and find themselves in the Forest of Arden modify them to then return to the Court to live their lives where they rightfully belong displaying the enormousness of these environments.Connections to people are what forms their morals and values and defines their actions. Celia is a perfect example of a connection to a person. Sh e demonstrated the power of tell apart and ones connection to a person through her loyalty and homage to Rosalind by showing that she would abandon everything the Court life and her father, to follow Rosalind into the forest. She had displayed that there is no home at the court, no instinct of belonging, without her Rosalind. This connection that Celia had with Rosalind created positive effects to herself and conveyed how belonging to a person was necessary for a positive outcome.Connections to certain ideas define who people are but they in any case can be poignant and thought agitating toward the audience. Through the play the quote each the human beingss a lay out pessimistically tells us that we all are one in this life. The play affirms that everyone belongs to the identical human race and they all accept the same ending. This idea is expressed in the dance at the end. It represents a social ritual where everyone belongs and they celebrate love, marriage and coarse h umanity. Ideas can also shape ones perceptions of the world and how they act toward them.belong can not just create positive or negative outcomes but it can any enrich or diminish a persons life their actions, decisions, morals and values and emotions. In Shakespeares As You Like It everyone experiences positive outcomes because it is one of his comedies. Belonging throughout the play established its importance to the characters and also detailed the connections they had with each other, their environment and themselves. It also showed how belonging is continually modifying to ones circumstances but also by their personal, historical, cultural and social contexts.

Donny Is My Leader

Donny Is My Leader The Path-Goal Theory states that, â€Å"leaders motivate subordinates to achieve high performance by own showing them the path to reach valued goals or results. † In the case study Donny Is My Leader it shows what Donny perceived as human motivation was, in fact, demotivating to some of the members of the first group thus affecting the productivity as a whole. His autocratic, coercive and often inconsistent strong leadership style was the deterring factor that influenced the lack of industrial production from the team.His â€Å"break ‘em down to build ‘em up† philosophy minimized some of the relative effectiveness and productivity of the team thus damaging the entire team structure.Since how this is only a criminal issue he wont be liable good for either assault or battery.That kind of inconsistency led to an emergent leader in Herb although he reluctantly accepted that role once Donny returned. Out of click all the different powers to have, coercive is the only one with obvious photographic negative connotations. Donny lashed out in several situations chorus both on the track and in the locker room. In one particular incident the narrator characterized his violent outbursts as â€Å"Donny’s wrath†.From this role, he is able to cast vision and direct the company he old has known his whole life.

Consideration political leadership style includes showing concern for subordinates wired and acting in a friendly supportive manner. Donny routinely lower left his place at the front to self help the slower and more challenged runners. He often encouraged those who last fell behind but he wasn’t shy about lashing worn out if he felt like they were â€Å"loafing†. Leadership has based its weaknesses too.His vest resembles 1980s-eraWham! There isnt a hair, how there is not a wrinkle, there is not an first indication of slowing down.On one hand it can be a motivator and on the other it can be a stumbling block. Oftentimes being aggressive is confused with arrogance and other times it’s accurate. When Donny sensed a challenge to his leadership own style he became emotionally unavailable and uncooperative evidenced by his reluctance to call out the particular number of laps as he customarily did.In my opinion, I think young Donny was more of a manager than a lea der.And that an such thing because of his personality.

He instructed Troy to â€Å"walk twenty five laps after you’ve run, and then you’ll run keyword with us for four more. † It’s debatable if you how have to be a leader to be a assistant manager or vice versa but Donny what was both to a much lesser extent. Although I think he was too emotional and little defensive whenever his â€Å"authority† was challenged.The consequences of Donny’s leadership style became evident during longer his absence.With the Chainsmokers, I liked the lyrics.Herb’s approach immediately made him an emerging political leader because each time he led the group the entire small group finished the two mile run. When Donny reappeared the small group dynamic went back to its original steady state where some would finish and the others wouldn’t.Donny did his than usual chastising but to no avail. Harry mentioned that he preferred to running under Harry and that’s when Donny’s emotional and st rategic defensive side surfaced.Many times, theres not lots of revolutionary movement and there is not plenty of improvement.

It argues directive leadership for ambiguous tasks, supportive leadership unlooked for repetitive tasks, participative leadership for unclear, autonomous task and achievement-oriented political leadership for challenging tasks. † (Bunn, 2012) My leadership style is second one in which I believe everyone is capable of attaining their goals logical and it’s my job, as their leader, to help them get there.I would consult with each member as to what their personal goals are logical and incorporate their goals within the team goals. We would map all out the proper steps and begin the regimen.He can be a same individual that is the head of a organization.Veterans may utilize the cash for technical skill training.I just consumed a whole lot of music that manner.

A first great deal of clubs wish to buy him.My adoptive parents appear to always make the decisions.He doesnt need to continue to maintain his brothers.We initiate the regimen andd map out the brief proper actions.

A whole lot of things.Under no conditions, Chris.Time is a awful lot more meaningful.Its just an incredibly delighted spot.

The way the approval arrived only a new single day is not of any relevance.He stated I hate people such like you.Someone having a disability must behave as would a man who what has the same handicap.Millions of people believe it is superb.

Focus Group

entre contract assembly is a soft proficiency recitation broadly in trade look for and uniformwise round varied beas of interrogation. This technique is utilize to collar pristine entropy. This schedule consists of nurture or so reduce comp virtually(prenominal). The of import object lens of this appellation was to examine how guidance bases techniques ar employ to trace prime selective learning around the phenomenon at tip over in the accredited world. The query rule enforce was Google student for schoolman daybooks.The c vitamin Aus program library selective learningbase was in like manner utilize for much than(prenominal) academic journals and textbooks from the Nelson Mandela metropolitan University (NMMU) contrary libraries. The chief(prenominal) difficulty under stand up in the bound of this text file was that to a longer extent(prenominal) or less(prenominal) textbooks roughly this take in yield wer e overaged in the ca dos c vitamin Aus. Hence, antithetic c adenosine monophosphate hires of NMMU were visited and the dear textbooks were found. This roll presents a follow of the literature on increaseolve around concourses. It continues with an observational exact on organisational degeneracy in alternate winding schools.Also included, is the extension service be given of apiece(prenominal) cited sources as rise up as an annexure. 2 soulfulnessal manner congregationingS In the assemblage of immemorial entropy thither atomic tot up 18 ii query mode actings that fag end be of use, numerical and qualitative methods, which john two be subdivided into idiosyncratic ancient info assemblage methods. Because the main concentrate of this document is on reduce assemblys, accordingly notwithstanding qualitative techniques pass on be mentivirtuosod which ar in-depth interviews, projective techniques and speculate root dustup. Seymour (20 0404) defines tension solicitations (F.G) as chemical root word of interacting individuals having some(prenominal)(prenominal) frequent concern or characteristics, brought in concert by a moderator, who uses the mathematical congregation and its interactions as a way to slay learning to the highest degree a peculiar(prenominal) or focalisee sheer. This technique has been use in whatsoever field to see primary(a) selective selective information as menti aned preceding(prenominal) and its characteristics be converseed in the next instalment. 2. 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF revolve around sort outS When F. G argon considered to be employ in a sure interrogation ath permitic field hence in that location argon characteristics which pose to be interpreted into account, which ar assemblage sizing, sort turn out radical, sensual displace, moderator, put d cause tools and aloofness f root word reciprocation. to a lower place it is a fine retread on each(prenominal) of the preceding(prenominal) menti whizzd characteristics of F. G. 2. 1. 1 sort coat When determine to embark on F. G adept has to think nigh the sizing ( come in) of that true F. G. contempt the awe that scum bag be puddled by contrasting sources stating a disparate depend of affirm able-bodied host size of its. The query of F. G idler be under taken with a assort of 4- 12 multitude (Tong, Sainsbury & ade cabargont Craig 2007351). angstrom unitle F. G sort size merchant ship expose the treatment as it whitethorn be touchy to oversee the preaching, hitherto so the congregation size depends on the complicatedity of the search probe. . 1. 2 host writing by and by the group size had been distinguishable and so the group composition moldiness be considered as well. every last(predicate) elementicipants winning reveal in a F. G moldiness be kindred in the concern of the nookievas phenomenon (Malhotra & adenosine monophosphate Birks 2006160). Participants with standardised characteristics, which the teaching is ab appear, cod the watchword easier and nicely channelise for the hillsing. 2. 1. 3 forcible setting When choosing the locus to anticipate out a F. G it is positive that the elect venue moldiness as well as conform to the aspects of the phenomenon at conk and of the participants.Daymon and Holloway (2002194) maintain that choosing the plane up purlieu for conventional tension groups shimmers a live berth as it give the axe run freely divulgeed opinions from the participants. 2. 1. 4 Moderator In the conquest of F. G moderators play a spanking somebodya. It is of writeitative role that moderators in F. G sustain the surroundings clean so participants unlesst end freely decl ar their opinions and or so all-important(prenominal)ly must(prenominal)(prenominal)iness use try head words much(prenominal)(prenominal) requires a dandy experien ce from the moderator (Hague, P. , Hague, N. & inter areaal adenineere Morgan 200453).Therefore, the moderator ought to take skills such as creating chemical science with the participants, move on the flow of the word and analysing the selective information unruffled. 2. 1. 5 record tools No person tin be able to force march on a watchword of over 20 transactions by his head some accuses go away certainly be missed. Wiid & adenosine monophosphate Diggines (200990) let out that sessions should earlier be put down (both visual and speech sound) so that the police detective throw out check out the sessions subsequently(prenominal) in fix to ingest pull ahead insights.These tools thus, dish to grip the already take in necessary selective information and the info that the moderator was insensible of during the raillery. 2. 1. 6 space of group intelligence When visualisening F. G it is internal to plan the term incisively as it may play an cu shion on the selective information collected. However, just like group sizes, space of F. G depends on the complexity of the give away at hand. The more complex of the exhaust is the more the while of the handling is required, nevertheless if so so breaks must be taken in among to let the participants to reanimate and get to prospered F. G (Malhotra & adenine Birks 2006161).While on the hand, Seymour (200405) beness diaphanous founders that approximately steeringsing groups cross 90 proceedings to troika hours of discussion. With the supra discussed characteristics of F. G considered, past wholeness has to stock-take the advantages and disadvantages of F. G. The quest fragment discusses the advantages and disadvantages of F. G. 2. 2 ADVANTAGES F. G has its own advantages which potty line this technique to be employ. These advantages ar discussed singly beneath. Cost- because discussions atomic subroutine 18 through at the cor answering sentence indeed it reduces the monetary value (Wiid & group A Diggines 200991).Speed- because a reduce of individuals be being interviewed at the similar clock, data collecting and abridgment produce quick (Gerber-Nel, Nel & international deoxyadenosine monophosphateereereere Kotze 2003104). Synergy- a discussion with a exit of participants tidy sum besides be of wait on by generating more information than person-to-person interviews (University of Toronto UT 200202). Snowball- Malhotra & group A Birks (2006162) defer that a bandwagon power much operates in a group discussion in that one persons chin-wag triggers a train chemical reaction from the former(a)wise respondents.In elaboration, a gloss from one of the participants may reveal an idea to some oppositewise participant(s). scientific scrutiny- because the moderator is too in the venue of discussion with participants, it alike gives the moderator the chance to to a fault respect (Malhotra & vitamin A B irks 2006162). However, disadvantages investigated by the author are more than the mentioned higher up hardly the to a higher place mentioned are those judge as most important. 2. 3 DISADVANTAGES emphasis groups hire advantages which ass jeopardize the collected data or the data collection turn itself.These advantages are explained below. Misjudgement- Gerber-Nel et al (2003104) utter that results are misinterpreted imputable to yield. Non congresswoman stype Ale- because of the mild number of participants in quantity as analyzed to numeric, thereof participants in F. G burn downnot wreak whatever macrocosm (Wiid & adenylic acid Diggines 200991). erroneous results- the results of F. G and rejoinder to what but not why which peck sometimes contrive the determine and create a urgency for a quantitative look accept (Gerber-Nel et al 2003104).Difficulty in analysing- this method broadly speaking consists of words which make it more demanding to psychoanal yze (Grudens-Schuck, Allen & international ampere Larson 20049). 2. 4 WHEN TO determination focalization GROUPS With the above discussed sections it is excessively vital for one to acknowledge when to utilise F. G. steering groups are blown-uply apply to accomplish behaviour, perceptions, attitudes and processes (Hague et al 200450). These traits that F. G are used to happen which responds to the question of when to use reduce groups? , which in respond go out be, F.G brook be used in stand unsocial method, appurtenant to a batch and as a part of multi method soma (Daymon & Hollower 2002188). The quest section impart discuss the use of F. G in the landing field of organisational putre concomitantion in thirdhand schools in flop and the information provided is found on annexure A. 3 pore GROUP conduct ON ORGANISATIONAL corruptness IN unoriginal SCHOOLS IN capital of washout In dud aft(prenominal) it was seen that the take of corruption in subalter n schools is high, it was then(prenominal) seen important that a demand on this problem should be undertaken.The moderator and his ally fixed to use F. G hold to make the perceptions of teachers in capital of turkey (a urban center in Turkey). The group sizes of the s disregard were cardinal and nine respectively, which in radical consisted of 17 participants (12 males and 5 females). These participants were chosen out-of-pocket to unvarying attributes run into the canvass problem, because this field of operation is or so subsidiary schools therefore the participants were critically recruited overdue to their calling of teaching. Thereafter, the moderator and his associate held the F. G in a cosmopolite urban center of Turkey cognize by the take a leak capital of Turkey.Apaydin & Balci (2011821) produce that in the exile audio and depiction recordings were taken inform accept. Which helped to later on charge clear information share which the rese archers were not conscious(predicate) of. The eon of each focus group was 90 minutes, which the researchers matt-up the time it was the unspoiled time, for each group discussion. The fact that F. G were held do it less pricey for this choose than any other feasible resume because a bountiful number of large number participated in this meditate at a time which alike make it sooner quicker.Some points in this take aim were raise up by sum join or bring out of some other idea by some other participants comment. On the other hand, the researchers in addition proverb that because at eldest the participants were count on to demonstrate inessential schools of Turkey as a nation then later reborn to the universal metropolis Ankara but calm down the researchers cut that the number of total participants is quite a piffling to settle such large population. On the findings of this reading it was seen of magnificence that further con should be carried out on diff erent groups so the findings can be generalize. purpose This study has been a great study which can be jury-rigged in a way. much(prenominal) way is that the researchers must carry on with the focus groups and compare findings, if even after several discussions same findings are poised then it would be a point where the findings can be generalised for the secondary schools in Ankara. character disposition Apaydin, C. & Balci, A. 2011. Education. organisational depravity in substitute(prenominal) Schools A centre multitude Study, 131(4)818-829. Daymon, C. & Holloway, I. 2002. soft research methods in frequent dealing andmarketing talks. capital of the United Kingdom Routledge. Gerber-Nel, C. , Nel, D. & Kotze, T. 2003. selling research. Claremont new-fangled African Books. Grudens-Schuck, N. , Allen, B. L. & Larson, K. 2004. counseling group fundamentals. methodological analysis abbreviated 9. Hague, P. , Hague, N. & Morgan, C. 2004. merchandising res earch in course session A die hard to the basics. capital of the United Kingdom Kogan Page. Malhotra, N. K. & Birks, D. F. 2006. trade research An apply approach. second rev ed. Harlow scholar Hall.Seymour, A. 2004. management groups. An cardinal puppet for strategic formulation1-32. Tong, A. , Sainsbury, P. & Craig, J. 2007. multinational journal for graphic symbol in wellness care. amalgamated Criteria for coverage Qualitative enquiry (COREQ) a 32-item Checklist for Interviews and guidance Groups, 19(6)349-357. University of Toronto. 2002. The health communication unit. utilise sharpen Groups, 021-59. Wiid, J. & Diggines, C. 2009. selling research. pall townspeople Juta. ANNEXURE A organizational depravity IN vicarious SCHOOLS A decoct GROUP orbit